From ancient times to the present day, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region within the People's Republic of China has been located in the difficult geopolitical conditions of Central Asia, being a very complex region from the point of view of international relations. The article examines the geopolitical significance of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China's domestic policy and the policy of "Developing Western Regions" from the Kazakh point of view. China's rapid economic development, with a population of about one billion four hundred million people, radically changes the balance of world power.