The article examines the political aspects of the published text of the handwritten legacy "The Will to Power" by F. Nietzsche, which have not yet been sufficiently studied in socio-political science. The article deals in more detail with political science issues: the ideas underlying the text "The Will to Power"; the history of the first printed text of F. Nietzsche's book "The Will to Power" and discussions on it. The article notes that the thinker F. Nietzsche proceeds from the thesis that people can be divided into two types: some have a more pronounced tendency to create, to create, to fix, perpetuate being as it is, by using it; others have a predominant desire for change, destruction, violence, for a new, for understanding being as eternal becoming. Nietzsche's will to power is not at all identified with the will to state power. F. Nietzsche was extremely negative about totalitarianism combined with militarism, etc. At the same time, the article also pays attention to controversial issues.