The article provides a theoretical overview of the social exclusion of older people on the example of European and Russian models, which in our opinion complement each other. The Russian theoretical model of social exclusion includes the following components: socio-economic (material) deprivation, deprivation of social rights (access to social institutions and services), deprivation of security (safe environment), deprivation of social participation, cultural (normative) disintegration, and social autism. These components and indicators are specific to a group of people in retirement who are a priori a group potentially at risk of social exclusion.