The article reviews the historical data on the dynamic work of the jadid movement in Kazakhstan in the early twentieth century and the politics of religion under the Soviet government. In addition, the contribution of the Kazakh intelligentsia to the reform of education is reflected in the actual archival data. The place of the representatives of the Jadid school in tsarist Russia in the national intelligentsia was analyzed and clarified with productive arguments. The policy of the Muslim government in Kazakhstan after the establishment of the Soviet government is clearly stated in the archives. The article covers the period from the beginning of the XX century to the rapid implementation of the repressive policy of the Soviet authorities. As a result of studying the historical data show that Jadid schools and madrassas made a significant contribution to the formation of a strong political outlook in Kazakh society.