This article examines the role and importance of creating a highly effective public service as a necessary condition for the socio-economic development of the country and the guarantee of its prosperity. In modern conditions, an effective state personnel policy should become a powerful tool for the transformative activity of the state in all spheres. The formation of a modern, professional and autonomous state apparatus and its continuous improvement is one of the decisive factors for the further stable and progressive development of Kazakhstan, and it is with the system of public administration and the competence of the employees employed in it that economic reform, social democratization, and the country's position on the international market are connected. In this regard, the stages of reforming the public service system, which are associated with the processes of transformation of the state and the formation of the public administration system, are analyzed.