The article is devoted to the analysis of the social characteristics of language, its principles and practical aspects. The social characteristics of language are a multifaceted issue, so studying it from the perspective of sociology is very important and relevant. In this regard, the social characteristics of language are considered as a problem of the sociology of language from a theoretical and practical basis. Every language is improved and developed in a social environment. The influence of society, the social environment on language or the influence of language on the social environment has an impact on the content of society and its existence. Through knowledge of the social characteristics of the language, identifying its principles and practical aspects, we gain the opportunity to determine the social content and characteristics of the language. Cognition of the social characteristics of language. The article pays special attention to these issues. Language as a historical, social category at any stage of development has a significant function in shaping the thinking and psychology of people. Research into the social characteristics of language is carried out in the following direction: how language lives in the social environment, how language is accepted and understood by society, and a sociological analysis of this issue is given.